Schedules can be as short as one hour for small specimens or as long as twelve hours or more for large specimens. In many labs, the bulk of processing is carried out overnight. At present, there is considerable pressure on laboratories to use processors capable of rapid processing in an effort to improve workflow and reduce turnaround times.
After processing, the specimens are placed in an embedding centre where they are removed from their cassettes and placed in wax-filled molds. At this stage, specimens are carefully orientated because this will determine the plane through which the section will be cut and ultimately may decide whether an abnormal area will be visible under the microscope. The cassette in which the tissue has been processed carries the specimen identification details, and it is now placed on top of the mold and is attached by adding further wax.
The cassette, now filled with wax and forming part of the block, provides a stable base for clamping in the microtome. The block containing the specimen is now ready for section cutting. This makes handling easier. After thorough drying, they are ready for staining. Apart from a few natural pigments such as melanin, the cells and other elements making up most specimens are colorless. In order to reveal structural detail using brightfield microscopy, some form of staining is required.
With this method, cell nuclei are stained blue, and cytoplasm and many extra-cellular components in shades of pink. However, sometimes additional information is required to provide a full differential diagnosis, and this requires furthermore specialized staining techniques. These methods can all be applied to paraffin sections, and in most cases, the slides produced are completely stable and can be kept for many years. After staining, the sections are covered with a glass coverslip and are then sent to a pathologist who will view them under a microscope to make an appropriate diagnosis and prepare a report.
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All rights reserved. Geoffrey Rolls is a Histology Consultant with decades of experience in the field. We are looking for more great writers to feature here. Send us a submission and we'll be in touch! Get more Knowledge Pathway content like this delivered directly to your inbox. It is then allowed to air dry before applying a stain. Whether it's a plant stem or a piece of an insect or some other organism, when learners look down the eyepiece or capture their first image under the magnification of their digital microscope, they're peering into a whole new world.
Every prepared microscope slide takes them to a new place and shows them something they've never seen. Something to get them excited about science and the world around them. More than universities spanning every corner of the U. Businesses exploring the limits of technology and human understanding like Tesla, Apple, Google, Facebook, and organizations on the bleeding edge, like NASA and the NIH, use our instruments every single day.
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