Which best describes the red army

And yet, the Russians continued to suffer heavy losses. By the fall of , Stalingrad was in ruins. Despite heavy casualties and the pounding delivered by the Luftwaffe, Stalin instructed his forces in the city to not retreat, famously decreeing in Order No.

Russian generals Georgy Zhukov and Aleksandr Vasilevsky organized Russian troops in the mountains to the north and west of the city. From there, they launched a counterattack, famously known as Operation Uranus. Although they again sustained significant losses, Russian forces were able to form what in essence was a defensive ring around the city by late November , trapping the nearly , German and Axis troops in the 6th Army.

This effort became the subject of a propaganda film produced after the war, The Battle of Stalingrad. With the Russian blockade limiting access to supplies, German forces trapped in Stalingrad slowly starved.

The Russians would seize upon the resulting weakness during the cold, harsh winter months that followed. They began consolidating their positions around Stalingrad, choking off the German forces from vital supplies and essentially surrounding them in an ever-tightening noose. Thanks to Russian gains in nearby fighting, including in Rostov-on-Don, miles from Stalingrad, the Axis forces — mostly Germans and Italians — were stretched thin. Through Operation Little Saturn, the Russians began to break the lines of mostly Italian forces to the west of the city.

Jews and Slavic peasants were killed by the German army—the Jews by rifle squads that followed the army. After the Red Army prevented the Wehrmacht from taking Moscow in and prevailed at Stalingrad—one of the most decisive battles in history—it began a counteroffensive that drove the enemy all the way back to Berlin in In one of the final stages of the Red offensive, Soviet advances in the summer of drew away German forces that could have blunted the Allied offensive in Normandy.

As an adult, Janine Simone Hopkins was encouraged by her family to record her experiences and reflections of her life in Paris during the German occupation.

Attached to Canadian and British forces, the first Americans to see ground combat in Europe witnessed disaster at Dieppe. This article examines how World War II marked an important moment in the political history of modern zoos. When the war in Europe ended in the spring of , Romani survivors were scattered, exhausted, and traumatized. The Eastern Front. Like this article? Meanwhile, the Soviet secret police, known as NKVD, conducted three-member committees in the field to decide whether killings of other anti-Soviets were justified.

The accused were tried, found guilty on site and executed. The killing and imprisonment started with members of the Bolshevik party, political officials and military members.

Then the purge expanded to include peasants, ethnic minorities, artists, scientists, intellects, writers, foreigners and ordinary citizens. Essentially, no one was safe from danger. Convinced they were plotting a coup, Stalin had 30, members of the Red Army executed. Experts estimate that 81 of the generals and admirals were executed.

Stalin also signed a decree that made families liable for the crimes committed by a husband or father.

This meant that children as young as 12 could be executed. Some victims claimed they would rather have been killed than sent to endure the torturous conditions at the infamous Gulag labor camps. Many who were sent to the Gulag camps were ultimately executed. Some experts believe the true death figure is at least twice as high. Because many people simply vanished, and killings were often covered up, an exact death toll is impossible to determine.

To further complicate the matter, prisoners in the labor camps commonly died of exhaustion, disease or starvation. Trotsky was sentenced to death in absentia during the Moscow Trials. He was living in exile in Mexico when he was assassinated with an ice pick by a Spanish communist.

During World War II , Stalin was responsible for the executions of war prisoners and traitors, especially Polish nationals. His reign as dictator also made his people completely dependent on the state. What year was japan's World War 2.

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